Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist who spent most of his career at the University of Washington. This question is for testing whether or not you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions. 2. Online ISSN 1091-6490. Descendants. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. The fundamental changes in communities without stars focused RTP on the role of predators controlling community composition. It has become a very popular concept in conservation biology. Robert Treat Paine (March 11, 1731 – May 11, 1814) was a Massachusetts lawyer and politician, best known as a signer of the Declaration of Independence as a representative of Massachusetts. [U.S.]—died May 11, 1814, Boston), American politician, jurist, member of the Continental Congress (1774–78), and signer of the Declaration of Independence.. Paine graduated from Harvard in 1749 and, after trying teaching and the ministry, turned to the study of law and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1757. Robert Treat Paine was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America who signed the Declaration of Independence on behalf of Massachusetts. Trophic cascades are the many changes in species diversity or abundance that ensue when a consumer is removed from an ecosystem (see ref. This concept has found strong support across many ecosystems, and over the ensuing decades has focused attention of the role of humans in controlling diversity, abundance, and productivity (7). He has left many strong interactions behind, and a cascade of admiration for his contributions to our science and our lives. He was a lawyer that received the honorary degree Doctor of Laws from Harvard, he was a teacher and a merchant marine. Robert Treat Paine III (1933-2016) June 2017; Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114(27) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1706692114. Paine married Sally Cobb, the daughter of Thomas and Lydia (née Leonard) Cobb and a sister of General David Cobb, on March 15, 1770. Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516; 2. Indeed, RTP was chosen as the Chair—and performed exceptionally effectively—of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries’ Salmon Recovery Science Review Panel, as well as other committees assessing environmental impacts. Robert Treat Paine III passed away June 13 in Seattle surrounded by family and friends. ROBERT TREAT PAINE (5), born Mar. Paine coined the keystone species[1][2][3] concept to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. In the welter of the interactions of hundreds of species, RTP focused on predator–prey interactions, charting out the species that were consumed by others. RTP grew up in Boston as an avid naturalist and bird watcher, and attended Harvard. Robert Treat Paine III was born in Cambridge, Mass., on April 13, 1933. Read reviews from world’s largest community for readers. [8], Paine's doctoral research thesis was on the ecology of living brachipods. More Genealogy Tools Interred 14 Jul 1965 . A keystone ecologist: Robert Treat Paine, 1933–2016, A note on trophic complexity and community stability, Food web complexity and species diversity, Latitudinal gradients in species diversity: A review of concepts, The limiting similarity, convergence, and divergence of coexisting species, Food webs: Linkage, interaction strength and community infrastructure, Entering the century of the environment: A new social contract for science, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Science & Culture: At the nexus of music and medicine, some see disease treatments, News Feature: Tracing gold's cosmic origins, Journal Club: Friends appear to share patterns of brain activity, Transplantation of sperm-producing stem cells. Early adopters of RTP’s 1966 paper on the control of diversity by predators (3) included famous papers from 1966 and 1967 on species diversity gradients (4) and the limits of similarity between species (5). Robert Treat Paine (1773-1811). Robert Treat Paine, (born March 11, 1731, Boston, Mass. The dual themes of experimental ecology and process-oriented ecology were to be the hallmark of RTP’s subsequent academic contributions. In Memoriam: Robert Treat Paine III (1933–2016), An Outsized American Naturalist. The parade of studies discussed in this paper painted a heuristic model of the eddies of ecological interaction in the sea of species. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. Smith. Robert Treat Paine (March 11, 1731 – May 11, 1814) was a signer of the Declaration of Independence as a representative of Massachusetts. [6] Having taken some courses in zoology and ecology at Michigan, his interests and studies changed after taking a course about freshwater invertebrates taught by ecologist Frederick E. AU - Levin, Simon A. Robert Paine III, M.D. [4], Paine was born on April 13, 1933,[5] and grew up in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Acknowledgements . When his church, The First Church of Boston, moved into Unitarianism, Paine followed that path. ROBERT TREAT PAINE (1730-1814) MA By Joyce Page-Van Houdt May 25, 2002 at 05:10:47. But along the way he used his gift for conducting experiments in remote field settings to train, inspire, and befriend a Who’s Who of community ecologists: graduate students, undergraduates, postdoctorates, collaborators, and artists. Robert Treat Paine, III..Birth: Dec. 15, 1900 Boston Suffolk County Massachusetts, USA Death: Jul. Some species could be removed without huge effect. Paine ancestry : the family of Robert Treat Paine, signer of the Declaration of Independence, including maternal lines [database on-line]. 1 for a more detailed synopsis). [6][11], Paine retired in the late 1990s but continued to be active as a professor emeritus at the University of Washington. Adoption of the idea came very quickly. 1. Bob Paine fathered an idea — and an academic family — that changed ecology", "Scientists Adopt Tiny Island as a Warming Bellwether", Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America, "Diverse Introspectives: A conversation with Bob Paine", "The Life History and Population Dynamics of, "Bob Paine, 83, ecologist whose work identified keystone species", "Retired UW prof wins $408,000 for groundbreaking ecology work", "Bob Paine, ecologist who introduced 'keystone species,' dies", "RIP Bob Paine, A Keystone Among Ecologists", "Ecological Determinism in the Competition for Space: The Robert H. MacArthur Award Lecture", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_T._Paine_(zoologist)&oldid=994134770, Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences, Fellows of the Ecological Society of America, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Botanist identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, President, Ecological Society of America, 1979–1980, This page was last edited on 14 December 2020, at 06:45. The authors declare no conflict of interest. Paine was born in Boston, Massachusetts, a descendant of Gov. RTP worked intently with mathematicians to turn his intuition about ecological process into well-tested theory, but also returned the favor by helping them to savor the messy details of fieldwork. Sometimes students learned the experimental method too well, as when a group of us (who hardly knew one bird from another) decided to conduct an experiment on whether RTP could indeed identify birds only by their songs, as he boisterously claimed. [19] Paine died from acute myeloid leukemia, a type of blood cancer, at the Swedish Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, on June 13, 2016. He passed away on 11 August 1910 in Waltham, Middlesex, Massachusetts, America. Keystone species have effects on communities or ecosystems that are much larger than their abundances would suggest. Biographical Sketches of Those Who Attended Harvard College in the Classes 1746-1750 with Bibliographical and Other Notes. Hunt and Lee, comps. It was here that much of his research on keystone species occurred. 12, 1730 or 1731, in Boston; died May 11, 1814, age 84, and is buried in the Granary Burial Grounds, Boston, MA, son of RICHARD and ALICE TREAT of Milford, CT. Almost two decades later, he prosecuted the Shays’s Rebellion treason trials (1786-1787). [8] Paine later entered graduate school at the University of Michigan, intending to study paleontology. [1][A], In 2013, he was awarded the International Cosmos Prize, including a cash prize equivalent to about US$408,000. RTP was also well-known as a champion of the use of experimental methods in field ecology, helping to show that simple experiments in complex natural communities could reveal a wealth of information about how species interacted with one another. After a postdoctorate at The Scripps Research Institute in San Diego, California, he took a faculty position at the University of Washington, where he began working on the complex invertebrate communities of the highly productive and species-rich northeastern Pacific intertidal zone. Thank you for your interest in spreading the word on PNAS. [10] As a postdoctoral fellow, he worked on the history and energetics of opisthobranchs (marine gastropods). The Papers of Robert Treat Paine. She was born May 15, 1744, and died June 6, 1816. RTP maintained his devotion to his daughters and his gardens and his friends and always assumed that everyone and everything would be a delicate tangle of interactions and effects. RTP bounded off his chair and raced into the bush toward the tape player, yelling “Chuck-will’s widow!”—proving both his complete command of bird watching detail and the value of a good, well-placed experiment. (#24650) ↑ P. 27 Paine Ancestry: The Family of Robert Treat Paine, Signer of the Declaration of Independence. III. Paine coined the keystone species concept to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. [8][11], In a noteworthy[12] 1966 paper, Paine described a rocky intertidal ecosystem in Makah Bay in Washington state, where top predator species help maintain biodiversity. Author contributions: S.R.P., J.A.E., P.K., S.A.L., J.L., and M.E.P. Late one evening, we snuck away from our camp and played the sound of a bird known strictly to be from the United States east coast. A patriotic judge and politician, Paine was raised by highly religious and respectable parents who imbibed in their children a high regard for moral values and principles. Source citations are included at the bottom of the page. Covering his public and private lives, the published Papers draws together correspondence to and from Paine beginning with his days at Harvard. The wilderness location without power or running water was nevertheless RTP’s home nearly every low tide all summer for decades. 102763947, citing Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA ; Maintained by Find A Grave … Robert Treat Paine was a delegate to the provincial convention which discussed the Quartering Act (housing British troops in American homes), and other complaints regarding the current provincial government. Robert T. Paine, who passed away on 13 June 2016, is among the most influential people in the history of ecology. RTP’s gift was to take a simple field experiment on marine invertebrates and turn it into a broad lesson in ecological organization that struck a chord across almost all ecosystems. wrote the paper. [18] In 2000, he founded the Experimental and Field Ecology Fund to support graduate student research;[7] the fund was renamed the Robert T. Paine Experimental & Field Ecology Endowed Fund to mark Paine's 80th birthday. Enter multiple addresses on separate lines or separate them with commas. RTP was a descendent of a celebrated clan in Boston that included Thomas Paine and Robert Treat Paine Sr., a signer of the US Declaration of Independence, as well as the great mathematician George Birkhoff. Again, some species were dramatically more important than others in maintaining ecosystem stability. His first known interest in the rebellion was his open celebration of the repeal of the Stamp Act. Paine was an experimentalist, a theoretician, a practitioner, and proponent of the “ecology of place,” and a deep believer in the importance of natural history to ecological understanding. From this realization, RTP used the analogy of a keystone—the central shaped stone holding up an arch—to describe the importance of keystone predators. This person was created on 10 February 2011 through the import of James_s Complete Family Tree.ged. Ancestry.com. Copyright © 2021 National Academy of Sciences. He served as the state’s first attorney general, and served as an associate justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court, the state’s highest court. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. Robert Treat Paine was a Congregationalist and a devout Christian. The Robert Treat Paine Papers. We do not capture any email address. Astronomers thought they’d finally figured out where gold and other heavy elements in the universe came from. AU - Kareiva, Peter. Family links: His initial graduate work was in paleontology at the University of Michigan, but he became fascinated by ecology in courses led by ecologist Fred Smith, so ended up doing an ecological study of a modern-day brachiopod. Provo, UT: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2005. Includes citations for all sources. As a result, the concept of keystone species is one of the simplest, yet most fundamental, in community ecology. There, the work of starting, monitoring, and maintaining various intertidal experiments intersected with long conversations about natural history, community ecology, and the more prosaic business of camp housekeeping in the perpetual fog of the outer coast of Washington. [1][5] As late as 2013, aged 79, Paine continued to make regular visits to Tatoosh Island for research purposes. Amanda Rodewald, Ivan Rudik, and Catherine Kling talk about the hazards of ozone pollution to birds. Here, RTP focused on the stability of ecosystems with hundreds of species or more, after perturbation of one or a few top predators or grazers. Researchers are still trying to understand what causes this strong correlation between neural and social networks. [6] He was fascinated by biology from a very young age. Dr. Robert Paine III, MD is a Pulmonologist in Salt Lake City, UT and has over 40 years of experience in the medical field. Born in Boston, Suffolk, Massachusetts, America on 28 October 1835 to Charles Cushing Paine and Fanny Cabot Jackson. [5][11] Paine would be elected to the Provincial Assembly. Find a Grave, database and images (https://www.findagrave.com: accessed ), memorial page for Robert Treat Paine, III (15 Dec 1900–14 Jul 1965), Find a Grave Memorial no. Edited by Edward W. Hanson (Boston: Massachusetts Historical Society, 2005) Shipton, Clifford K. Sibley’s Harvard Graduates. The Papers of Robert Treat Paine is a selected edition of documents primarily from the Robert Treat Paine collection at the Massachusetts Historical Society. In light of recent results, they’re not so sure. is an experienced Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine physician who has been board certified in Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Medicine an Jump to main navigation Jump to content [9] In 1962, Paine joined the University of Washington, where he spent the rest of his career and became well known for his work. Henry III, King of England is in the 18th generation of the family tree for Robert Treat Paine (Ahnentafel #259872). Throughout his career, RTP emphasized the importance of his work to basic ecology; but he was equally concerned with the impact of humans on biodiversity, and contributed substantially to preserving the planet’s resources through service to the Ecological Society of America, the National Academy of Sciences, and government agencies. The Book of the Sonnet Robert Treat Paine III passed away June 13 in Seattle surrounded by family and friends. PDF | On Oct 1, 2016, Paul K. Dayton and others published Robert Treat Paine III, 1933-2016 | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate This university on the rocks produced a steady stream of papers, doctorates, inspiration, and an academic genealogy that spans ecology, evolution, invertebrate biology, mathematical biology, and environmental biology. Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist who spent most of his career at the University of Washington. Vol. The idea of trophic cascades was presented in the Tansley Lecture to the British Ecological Society (6). Ancestor charts showing the family relationships of Robert Treat Paine (1730/31–1814) to other famous people. He graduated from Wash U, School of Medicine medical school in 1981. Robert Treat Paine III was one of the great ecologists of history, whose legacy through research and mentoring reshaped the discipline, and helped it evolve from descriptive natural history to an experimental and quantitative science. Although the evidence is still limited, a growing body of research suggests music may have beneficial effects for diseases such as Parkinson’s. AU - Lubchenco, Jane 14, 1965 . [1] Paine and his work are featured prominently in the 2018 documentary film The Serengeti Rules. And there was a bevy of students, researchers, and visitors clamoring for the honor of being included in a Tatoosh Trip. [20], Paine's research—and the subsequent work of his students—has been very influential in the field of ecology,[1] and he has been called a "giant" of the field. The Papers of Robert Treat Paine book. [13] This led to his 1969 paper in which he proposed the keystone species concept. In this, RTP found a simple metric for predation by a large abundant species: By turning over purple sea stars, he could record the diets of hundreds of individuals. Another enduring dimension of his legacy was his mentoring and inspiration of several generations of graduate students and postdocorates in the adventure of working out the complex wiring of species interactions, all within the wild dynamics of natural ecosystems. Others were key to community composition, and without them the communities collapsed. CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing can improve the effectiveness of spermatogonial stem cell transplantation in mice and livestock, a study finds. RTP taught that great ecological insight could grow out of observing pattern (in the field) and discerning process (experimentally). WikiTree profile Paine-463 created through the import of wikitree.ged on Aug 1, 2011 by Abby Brown. In 1770 Robert Treat Paine (RTP, 1731-1814) stood as counsel for the prosecution in the Boston Massacre trials. RTP established a long-term research site at Tatoosh Island in Washington, in collaboration with the local Makah Native Americans. He is affiliated with University Of Utah Hospitals And Clinics. A British cartoonist pictures America as an Indian woman having the Intolerable Acts forced down her throat. T1 - Robert Treat Paine III (1933-2016) AU - Palumbi, Stephen R. AU - Estes, James A. Ever an avid naturalist who paid close attention to the specifics of a bird song or a starfish’s diet, RTP’s best-known contributions were the concepts of keystone species and trophic cascades. His father, also named Robert, was a curator at the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston and a descendant of Robert Treat Paine… One of RTP’s gifts was to marry patterns of species abundance with the results of field manipulations, and discern ecological processes that transcended his focal taxa or community. Much of Paine's work at the University of Washington focused on the organization of marine communities. To Anna Louisa, on Her Ode to Fancy. [20][21] Paine's research helped popularise field manipulation experiments, sometimes called "kick-it-and-see ecology", at a time when field ecologists tended only to observe natural ecosystems. Robert Treat Paine (March 11, 1731 – May 11, 1814) is an American Founding Father. Paine, Robert Treat. [1] Ed Yong wrote that "by encouraging independence and prizing fieldwork, Paine mentored an entire generation of superstar ecologists. Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist.He spent most of his career at the University of Washington.. Paine created the keystone species idea to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel. "[21] Paine's former students and postdocs include Paul Dayton, Bruce Menge and Jane Lubchenco. Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, North Carolina 28516. Robert Treat Paine III. [14][15][16] This concept states that an ecosystem may experience a dramatic shift if a keystone species is removed, even though that species was a small part of the ecosystem by measures of biomass or productivity. This led to a simple question about the impact of predation on intertidal communities, which RTP studied by experimentally manipulating densities of purple sea stars along rocky shores. III: 1774-1777. [22], "Scientific families: Dynasty. Robert T. Paine (Bob) passed away on 13 June 2016 with his three daughters gathered around him, only two months after being diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. [6][8] Upon graduating from the University of Michigan, Paine completed a one-year postdoctoral fellowship at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Image courtesy of Robert Steneck (University of Maine, Orono, ME). [17] Paine also coined the term "trophic cascade" to describe the top-down effects that occur in ecosystems when an important species is introduced or removed. Brian R. Silliman, 1 Peter Kareiva, 2 and Catherine A. Pfister 3. He was working on papers up until the last few weeks, and even in a weakened state could be roused by interesting natural history or a provocative ecological conjecture. Robert Treat Paine married Lydia Williams Lyman and had 7 children. 1867. And once the keystone species were perturbed, dramatic changes cascaded down the food web. Dr. Paine III has more experience with Obstructive Lung Disease and Interstitial Lung Disease than other specialists in his area. RTP, as he was known, was an emeritus Professor at the University of Washington, where he developed a career that helped define the field of community ecology. In addition to food web theory, these experiments focused on the role of disturbance and patch size on diversity, interaction strengths and their importance to community stability, the role of predation in controlling primary production, causes of zonation along physical gradients, and many more insights. Robert Treat Paine III (1933–2016), An Outsized American Naturalist Brian R. Silliman,1 Peter Kareiva,2 and Catherine A. Pfister3 1. Teacher and a merchant marine key to community composition of observing pattern in. A cascade of admiration for his contributions to our Science and our lives pattern ( in Tansley... The keystone species is one of the family of Robert Treat Paine married Lydia Williams Lyman and 7. The eddies of ecological interaction in the sea of species dramatically more than! Me ) of RTP ’ s rebellion treason trials ( 1786-1787 ) much..., signer of the Sonnet Ancestor charts showing the family of Robert Steneck ( University Michigan. 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