In the final they lost 3–4 to the Chennai Smashers. Sixteen major languages of India are spoken in Mumbai, with the most common being Marathi and its dialect East Indian; as well as Hindi, Gujarati and English. [185][186] In December 2019, IIT Bombay, in partnership with the McKelvey School of Engineering of Washington University in St. Louis, launched the Aerosol and Air Quality Research Facility to study air pollution in Mumbai, among other Indian cities. [42][43] This name possibly originated as the Galician-Portuguese phrase bom baim, meaning "good little bay",[44] and Bombaim is still commonly used in Portuguese. [237] Mumbai's suburban rail systems carried a total of 6.3 million passengers every day in 2007. When the Elite Football League of India was introduced in August 2011, Mumbai was noted as one of eight cities to be awarded a team for the inaugural season. Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database. [303] Many of the above service providers also provide broadband internet and wireless internet access in Mumbai. The report of the commission stated that the tolerant and secular foundations of the city were holding even if a little shakily. Today's top India news headlines, news on Indian politics, elections, government, business, technology, and Bollywood. The Conditional Access System (CAS) started by the Union Government in 2006 met a poor response in Mumbai due to competition from its sister technology Direct-to-Home (DTH) transmission service.[367]. The name Mumbai is derived from Mumbā or Mahā-Ambā—the name of the patron goddess (kuladevata) Mumbadevi of the native Koli community—[38] and ā'ī meaning "mother" in the Marathi language, which is the mother tongue of the Koli people and the official language of Maharashtra. The architecture of the city is a blend of Gothic Revival, Indo-Saracenic, Art Deco, and other contemporary styles. [339] Despite most of the professional theatre groups that formed during the British Raj having disbanded by the 1950s, Mumbai has developed a thriving "theatre movement" tradition in Marathi, Hindi, English, and other regional languages. "[56] While the city is still referred to as Bombay by some of its residents and by Indians from other regions,[57][58] mention of the city by a name other than Mumbai has been controversial, resulting in emotional outbursts sometimes of a violently political nature. [278], Mumbai is served by two major ports, Mumbai Port Trust and Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust, which lies just across the creek in Navi Mumbai. [347][349] Public holidays specific to the city and the state include Maharashtra Day on 1 May, to celebrate the formation of Maharashtra state on 1 May 1960,[350][351] and Gudi Padwa which is the New Year's Day for Marathi people. [25] During the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project,[26] which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. The success of the British campaign in the Deccan marked the end of all attacks by native powers. [375], Under the 10+2+3/4 plan, students complete ten years of schooling and then enrol for two years in junior college, where they select one of three streams: arts, commerce, or science. [18][19] Mumbai is home to three UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Elephanta Caves, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus, and the city's distinctive ensemble of Victorian and Art Deco buildings. "Central Pollution Control Board Air Quality Information. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Mumbai is the second-most populous city in the country after Delhi and the seventh-most populous city in the world with a population of roughly 20 million. [15] Mumbai lies on the Konkan coast on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. [272], The Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport (formerly Sahar International Airport) is the main aviation hub in the city and the second busiest airport in India in terms of passenger traffic. [210] The Mumbai Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Mumbai Police. Mumbai has by far the largest number of skyscrapers in India, with 956 existing buildings and 272 under construction as of 2009[update]. [110] [120] In September 1896, Bombay was hit by a bubonic plague epidemic where the death toll was estimated at 1,900 people per week. [139], The years from 1990 to 2010 saw an increase in violence and terrorism activities. [388] In April 2015, IIT Bombay launched the first U.S.-India joint EMBA program alongside Washington University in St. From 1665 to 1666, the English managed to acquire Mahim, Sion, Dharavi, and Wadala. [260], Water transport in Mumbai consists of ferries, hovercraft and catamarans. - Inter-House Junior Dramatics Competition It was show-time at Bombay Scottish School, Mahim on the 24th of July, 2018; when we hosted the most awaited Inter-House Junior Dramatics Competition for students from Stds. [71] The Mahakali Caves in Andheri were cut out between the 1st century BCE and the 6th century CE. [240], The Mumbai Monorail and Mumbai Metro have been built and are being extended in phases to relieve overcrowding on the existing network. [262], Mumbai is served by National Highway 3, National Highway 4, National Highway 8, National Highway 17 and National Highway 222 of India's National Highways system. [64] It is not exactly known when these islands were first inhabited. Later the Shiv Sena, a Hindu-nationalist political party in Maharashtra also participated in riots to respond the violence against them. [91], The Portuguese were actively involved in the foundation and growth of their Roman Catholic religious orders in Bombay. [290][291], About 700 million litres of water, out of a daily supply of 3500 million litres, is lost by way of water thefts, illegal connections and leakages, per day in Mumbai. [400] The biggest cricketing event to be staged in the city so far is the final of the 2011 ICC Cricket World Cup which was played at the Wankhede Stadium. The key sectors contributing to the city's economy are: finance, gems & jewellery, leather processing, IT and ITES, textiles, and entertainment. [131] As a memorial to the martyrs of the Samyukta Maharashtra movement, Flora Fountain was renamed as Hutatma Chowk (Martyr's Square) and a memorial was erected. [66][67], In the 3rd century BCE, the islands formed part of the Maurya Empire, during its expansion in the south, ruled by the Buddhist emperor Ashoka of Magadha. [112] The British were able to secure Salsette from the Marathas without violence through the Treaty of Purandar (1776),[113] and later through the Treaty of Salbai (1782), signed to settle the outcome of the First Anglo-Maratha War. ", "Soon, computer-aided training for MSRTC drivers", "MSRTC to make long distance travel easier", "NNMT gains from BEST's plan to discontinue AC bus services", "TMT rakes in moolah on new AC bus routes", Metropolitan planning and management in the developing world 1993, "Traffic claims Mumbai darshan hot spots", "Bus Routes Under Bus Rapid Transit System", "7 Questions You Wanted to Ask About the Mumbai Metro", "NH wise Details of NH in respect of Stretches entrusted to NHAI", "India's first international-class expressway is just a month away", "NHAI starts work on Rs 6,672 cr expressway", "MSRDC – Project – Bandra Worli Sea Link", Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation, "28,000 more autos to run riot on MMR streets – Mumbai – DNA", "Mumbai's five gateways may become toll-free", "Only 10 public transport services for every 90 private vehicles in Mumbai", "28,000 more autos to run riot on MMR streets", "Statistics: Mumbai International Airport Limited", "Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport (CSIA)- Masterplan", "With maiden Air India flight, T2 opens to public", "Work on Navi Mumbai airport may start next year", "It will be years before Mumbai surmounts its water crisis", "RIGHT TO INFORMATION ACT-2005 INFORMATION BOOKLET", "Water contamination complaints double, Bhandup hit hard", "Make way for Mulund, Mumbai's newest hotspot", "Country's first water tunnel to come up in Mumbai", "Now, a toll-free helpline to check water leakage, theft", "To curb power theft, Maharashtra explores underground supply network across state", "Cooking gas cylinders to be sold at petrol pumps", "Piped gas becomes more attractive for the kitchen", "Reliance Offers BlackBerry in India, Vies With Bharti", "Internet surfers: Mumbai scores, Bangalore falls", "Mumbai's entrance -the 'Gateway' to be more tourist-friendly", "Is the world's weirdest property market strangling the city that hosts it? The Mumbai Nashik Expressway, Mumbai-Vadodara Expressway,[265] are under construction. The Portuguese Franciscans and Jesuits built several churches in the city, prominent being the St. Michael's Church at Mahim (1534),[93] St. John the Baptist Church at Andheri (1579),[94] St. Andrew's Church at Bandra (1580),[95] and Gloria Church at Byculla (1632). [379], The University of Mumbai is one of the premier[380] universities in India. [254][255], Buses are generally favoured for commuting short to medium distances, while train fares are more economical for longer distance commutes. [261] Hovercraft services plied briefly in the late 1990s between the Gateway of India and CBD Belapur in Navi Mumbai. [194], State and central government employees make up a large percentage of the city's workforce. The territories were later surrendered on 25 October 1535. For other uses, see, Interactive map outlining Greater Mumbai (Mumbai City District and Mumbai Suburban District). [53] This came at the insistence of the Marathi nationalist Shiv Sena party, which had just won the Maharashtra state elections, and mirrored similar name changes across the country and particularly in Maharashtra. By the time the right wing Hindu organization Shiv Sena realised that enough had been done by way of "retaliation", the violence and rioting was beyond the control of its leaders who had to issue an appeal to put an end to it. [239] The Mumbai rail network is spread at an expanse of 319 route kilometres. Beaches are a major tourist attraction in the city. BMC starts to find solution", "Three drown as heavy rain lashes Mumbai for the 3rd day", "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)", "Station: Mumbai (Colaba) Climatological Table 1981–2010", "Table 3 Monthly mean duration of Sun Shine (hours) at different locations in India", "Normals Data: Bombay/Colaba - India Latitude: 18.90°N Longitude: 72.82°E Height: 9 (m)", "Air pollution killed 81,000 in Delhi & Mumbai, cost Rs 70,000 crore in 2015. [415] The city is planning to build its own F1 track and various sites in the city were being chalked out, of which the authorities have planned to zero down on Marve-Malad or Panvel-Kalyan land. India Finance", "It's not so bad as we thought: Mumbai shows improvement on human development index | Mumbai News - Times of India", National Commissioner Linguistic Minorities 50th report, page 131, "Evolution of the Corporation, Historical Milestones", "Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011; Cities having population 1 lakh and above", "Thirty of India's 68 billionaires live in Mumbai", "With 68 billionaires, India ranks 7th globally; Mumbai leads in India with 30", "New millionaires hope to serve as role models for India's lower castes", "10 worst oil spills that cost trillions in losses : Rediff.com Business", "Development of Mumbai International Airport (NMIA)", "Poonam Mahajan explains why Mumbai is at the very heart of India story", "World's Richest Cities: The Top 10 Cities Billionaires Call Home", "Richest Cities In The World: The Top 10 Cities With The Most Billionaires", "Why Did Bombay Become Mumbai? [119], The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 transformed Bombay into one of the largest seaports on the Arabian Sea. [158] Three small rivers, the Dahisar River, Poinsar (or Poisar) and Ohiwara (or Oshiwara) originate within the park, while the polluted Mithi River originates from Tulsi Lake and gathers water overflowing from Vihar and Powai Lakes. [191], Recent estimates of the economy of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region is estimated to $151 to $368 billion (PPP metro GDP) ranking it either the most or second-most productive metro area of India. There are 31 buildings taller than 100 m, compared with 200 in Shanghai, 500 in Hong Kong and 500 in New York.[309]. [352] Most of the beaches are unfit for swimming, except Girgaum Chowpatty and Juhu Beach. [14] The commission was disbanded by the Shiv Sena led government in January 1996 and on public opposition was later reconstituted on 28 May 1996; though when it was reconstituted its terms of reference were extended to include the Bombay bomb blasts that followed in March 1993. In the newer suburbs, modern buildings dominate the landscape. [159] The coastline of the city is indented with numerous creeks and bays, stretching from the Thane creek on the [273] It handled 36.6 million passengers and 694,300 tonnes of cargo during FY 2014–2015. [40][41] In 1508, Portuguese writer Gaspar Correia used the name "Bombaim" in his Lendas da Índia ("Legends of India"). ", "3 Mumbaikars Who Are Changing The City All By Themselves", "What about Gateway of India, Banganga Tank? [51], By the late 20th century, the city was referred to as Mumbai or Mambai in Marathi, Konkani, Gujarati, Kannada and Sindhi, and as Bambai in Hindi. [213], Mumbai had been a traditional stronghold and birthplace of the Indian National Congress, also known as the Congress Party. [372] The schools are affiliated with either of the following boards: The primary education system of the MCGM is the largest urban primary education system in Asia. [5] Historian Barbara Metcalf has described the riots as an anti-Muslim pogrom. [164] The area is classified as a Seismic Zone III region,[165] which means an earthquake of up to magnitude 6.5 on the Richter magnitude scale may be expected. [391] Government Law College and Sydenham College, respectively the oldest law and commerce colleges in India, are based in Mumbai. The Bene Israeli Jewish community of Bombay, who migrated from the Konkan villages, south of Bombay, are believed to be the descendants of the Jews of Israel who were shipwrecked off the Konkan coast, probably in the year 175 BCE, during the reign of the Greek ruler, Antiochus IV Epiphanes. [27][117] On 16 April 1853, India's first passenger railway line was established, connecting Bombay to the neighbouring town of Thana (now Thane). [268] There are five tolled entry points to the city by road. [115] Following his defeat, almost the whole of the Deccan Plateau came under British suzerainty, and was incorporated into the Bombay Presidency. The first cricket test match in India was played in Mumbai at the Bombay Gymkhana. JSS Medical College and Hospital was established in the year 1984 which is spread over with an area of 43 acres. The Bandra-Worli Sea Link bridge, along with Mahim Causeway, links the island city to the western suburbs. Latest Updates. [324][325][326] The linguistic/ethnic demographics are: Maharashtrians (42%), Gujaratis (19%), with the rest hailing from other parts of India. Long-distance trains originate from Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, Dadar, Lokmanya Tilak Terminus, Mumbai Central, Bandra Terminus, Andheri and Borivali. [83] The Delhi Sultanate annexed the islands in 1347–48 and controlled it until 1407. [16][17] However, he was immediately granted bail. [264] The Eastern Freeway was opened in 2013. Slumdog Millionaire an English language British film was shot entirely in Mumbai which has garnered 8 Oscar awards. Marathi dailies enjoy the maximum readership share in the city and the top Marathi language newspapers are Maharashtra Times, Navakaal, Lokmat, Loksatta, Mumbai Chaufer, Saamana and Sakaal. Residents of Mumbai call themselves Mumbaikar,[61] Mumbaiite,[315] Bombayite or Bombaiite. Mumbai suffers from the same major urbanisation problems seen in many fast growing cities in developing countries: widespread poverty and unemployment, poor public health and poor civic and educational standards for a large section of the population. January 14, 2021 Epiphanies and kidneys Mary Beard emphasizes the importance of teaching Classics in context; the latest offerings from the Joyce Industry; and how the Enlightenment undid itself An informatory video has been released listing the guidelines which should be followed on the GATE 2021 exam days. [61] Older terms such as Bombayite are also in use. The communal violence and rioting triggered off by the burning at Dongri and Radhabhai Chawl, and the following retaliatory violence by Shiv Sena was hijacked by local criminal elements who potential opportunity to make quick gains. [49] Ali Muhammad Khan, imperial dewan or revenue minister of the Gujarat province, in the Mirat-i Ahmedi (1762) referred to the city as Manbai. The Banganga Festival is a two-day music festival, held annually in the month of January, which is organised by the Maharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC) at the historic Banganga Tank in Mumbai. [263] The Mumbai–Chennai and Mumbai–Delhi prongs of the Golden Quadrilateral system of National Highways start from the city. This unique blend of cultures is due to the migration of people from all over India since the British period. The British colonial policy of Divide and Rule allegedly included administrative and political activities such as communalized census taking, and the Morley Minto reforms, that relied on communal segregation, and in particular Hindu-Muslim divisions. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development. The MCGM supplies potable water to the city from six lakes,[284][285] most of which comes from the Tulsi and Vihar lakes. GATE 2021 - The admit card of GATE has been released by IIT, Bombay in online mode on January 8 at appsgate.iitb.ac.in. The Bombay riots can be considered a result of larger communal tensions throughout India. [133] The Bombay Metropolitan Region Development Authority (BMRDA) was established on 26 January 1975 by the Government of Maharashtra as an apex body for planning and co-ordination of development activities in the Bombay metropolitan region. The violence is also an instrumental part of the plot of the film, The Bombay Riots set the background for the popular, This page was last edited on 22 January 2021, at 05:13. [308] In the south of Mumbai, there are colonial-era buildings and Soviet-style offices. Football is another popular sport in the city, with the FIFA World Cup and the English Premier League being followed widely. ", "Mumbai breathes 2017's cleanest air; 'good' AQI after 6 months. Pre-monsoon showers are received in May. ", "Taxi, auto fares may dip due to CNG usage", "Overview of existing Mumbai suburban railway", "Mumbai monorail to be inaugurated on Saturday", "Maharashtra CM Prithivraj Chavan flags off Mumbai Metro", Executive Summary on Comprehensive Transportation Study for MMR, "Terminal Facilities in Metropolitanc Cities", "BEST buses, the new killer on the prowl? [23][24] However, other sources disagree that Mumbai's name was derived from the goddess Mumba. [80][81], King Bhimdev founded his kingdom in the region in the late 13th century and established his capital in Mahikawati (present day Mahim). [142] The three coordinated bomb explosions in July 2011 that occurred at the Opera house, Zaveri Bazaar and Dadar were the latest in the series of terrorist attacks in Mumbai which resulted in 26 deaths and 130 injuries. [384], The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT Bombay),[385] Institute of Chemical Technology (formerly UDCT / UICT),[386] Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute (VJTI),[387] which are India's premier engineering and technology schools, along with SNDT Women's University are the autonomous universities located in Mumbai. [416] In 2004, the annual Mumbai Marathon was established as a part of "The Greatest Race on Earth". [413] In March 2004, the Mumbai Grand Prix was part of the F1 powerboat world championship,[414] and the Force India F1 team car was unveiled in the city, in 2008. Mumbai's culture is a blend of traditional festivals, food, music, and theatres. The Kala Ghoda Arts Festival is an exhibition of a world of arts that encapsulates works of artists in the fields of music, dance, theatre, and films. [20][21], The seven islands that constitute Mumbai were originally home to communities of Marathi language speaking Koli people. Mumbai is a hub of Indian film making. [296] Power supply cables are underground, which reduces pilferage, thefts and other losses. [322] According to the 2016 report of the Central Pollution Control Board, Mumbai is the noisiest city in India, ahead of Lucknow, Hyderabad and Delhi. The Shiv Sena government rejected its recommendations. The Sultanate's patronage led to the construction of many mosques, prominent being the Haji Ali Dargah in Worli, built in honour of the Muslim saint Haji Ali in 1431. An estimated 575 Muslims and 275 Hindus were killed at the end of the riot. In the suburbs, the soil cover is largely alluvial and loamy. [27] Along with construction of major roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. [65] Perhaps at the beginning of the Common Era, or possibly earlier, they came to be occupied by the Koli fishing community. [100] The islands were subsequently attacked by Yakut Khan, the Muslim Koli[101][102][103][104] admiral of the Mughal Empire, in October 1672,[105] Rickloffe van Goen, the Governor-General of Dutch India on 20 February 1673,[106] and Siddi admiral Sambal on 10 October 1673. On 11 May 1661, the marriage treaty of Charles II of England and Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. Mumbai has the second largest number of Art Deco buildings in the world after Miami. [205] The mayor, who serves for a term of two and a half years, is chosen through an indirect election by the councillors from among themselves. [234], The Mumbai Suburban Railway, popularly referred to as Locals forms the backbone of the city's transport system. The two revenue districts of Mumbai come under the jurisdiction of a district collector. [195] Dharavi, in central Mumbai, has an increasingly large recycling industry, processing recyclable waste from other parts of the city; the district has an estimated 15,000 single-room factories. [156] The Sanjay Gandhi National Park (Borivali National Park) is located partly in the Mumbai suburban district, and partly in the Thane district, and it extends over an area of 103.09 km2 (39.80 sq mi). [162] The underlying rock of the region is composed of black Deccan basalt flows, and their acidic and basic variants dating back to the late Cretaceous and early Eocene eras. ", "Floristic Survey of Institute of Science, Mumbai, Maharashtra State", "Seismic Hazard estimation for Mumbai City", Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy 1999, "Mumbai floods: Why India's cities are struggling with extreme rainfall", "Will Mumbai flood this year too? The riots were mainly due to escalations of hostilities after large scale protests by Muslims in reaction to the 1992 Babri Masjid Demolition by Hindu Karsevaks in Ayodhya.. Following the demolition of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya, the city was rocked by the Hindu-Muslim riots of 1992–93 in which more than 1,000 people were killed. Mumbai consists of two distinct regions: Mumbai City district and Mumbai Suburban district, which form two separate revenue districts of Maharashtra. The city is also home to Bollywood and Marathi cinema industries. [218] The Congress had dominated the politics of Bombay from independence until the early 1980s, when the Shiv Sena won the 1985 Bombay Municipal Corporation elections. Mumbai's suburban district occupies most of the island. As of 2014[update], Mumbai had the highest number of internet users in India with 16.4 million users.[304]. Navi Mumbai is east of Thane Creek and Thane is north of Vasai Creek. [96] The Portuguese also built several fortifications around the city like the Bombay Castle, Castella de Aguada (Castelo da Aguada or Bandra Fort), and Madh Fort. Mumbai is the birthplace of Indian cinema[336]—Dadasaheb Phalke laid the foundations with silent movies followed by Marathi talkies—and the oldest film broadcast took place in the early 20th century. Many of them live in close proximity to bus or train stations although suburban residents spend significant time travelling southward to the main commercial district. [204], It is administered by the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) (sometimes referred to as the Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation), formerly known as the Bombay Municipal Corporation (BMC). Justice Srikrishna indicted those he alleged as largely responsible for the second phase of the bloodshed and to some extent the first, the Shiv Sena. [224][225] A member of the legislative assembly (MLA) to the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha (legislative assembly) is elected from each of the assembly constituencies. [138] The geographical limits of Greater Bombay were coextensive with municipal limits of Greater Bombay. The number of slum-dwellers is estimated to be 9 million, up from 6 million in 2001;[313] that is, 62% of all Mumbaikars live in informal slums. 6 to 8. By the middle of the 18th century, Bombay began to grow into a major trading town, and received a huge influx of migrants from across India. With the Treaty of Surat (1775), the British formally gained control of Salsette and Bassein, resulting in the First Anglo-Maratha War. [192] This is facilitated by the presence of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), the National Stock Exchange of India (NSE), and financial sector regulators such as the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Its fleet consists of single-decker, double-decker, vestibule, low-floor, disabled-friendly, air-conditioned and Euro III compliant diesel and compressed natural gas powered buses. [6], The riots were followed by the retaliatory 12 March 1993 Bombay Bombings.[7]. [190] Although Mumbai had prominently figured as the hub of economic activity of India in the 1990s, the Mumbai Metropolitan Region is presently witnessing a reduction in its contribution to India's GDP. [274] An upgrade plan was initiated in 2006, targeted at increasing the capacity of the airport to handle up to 40 million passengers annually[275] and the new terminal T2 was opened in February 2014. 191 rakes (train-sets) of 9 car and 12 car composition are utilised to run a total of 2,226 train services in the city. The riots are portrayed in several different films: "Why there's no noise about the Mumbai riots", "Factors responsible for the growth of communalism", "The Hindu : Thackeray arrested, freed by court", "Yakub Memon case: one chart that shows just how partisan India's justice system can be", "Shiv Sena politician convicted over 1992 Mumbai riots", "Former Shiv Sena leader Sarpotdar convicted in Mumbai for inciting violence in 1992", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport (BEST), Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Indian Institute of Technology - Bombay (IIT-B), Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute (VJTI), Institute of Chemical Technology (formerly UDCT), Jamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies (JBIMS), SP Jain Institute of Management and Research, Sydenham Institute of Management Studies, Research and Entrepreneurship Education(SIMSREE), Ramniranjan Anandilal Podar College of Commerce and Economics, V. G. Vaze College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Centre for Excellence in Basic Sciences (UM-DAE CBS), Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bombay_riots&oldid=1001968706, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2007, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2009, Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2009, Maharashtra articles missing geocoordinate data, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, the aggravation of Muslim sentiments by the Hindus with their celebration rallies. Fault lines in the year 1984 which is scheduled to be conducted in the city are Kakamuchee and Galajunkja these! Affiliated with Sir Jamshedjee Jeejeebhoy group of Hospitals and KEM Hospital respectively rail systems carried a total of 6.3 passengers... 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